Question

Show that an atom behaves as a magnetic dipole

Answer 1

Answer:

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Here's your answer :-

In an atom, electron revolves around the nucleus in a closed orbit. Since electron is a charged particle, so its orbit around the nucleus is equivalent to a current loop. When electron revolves in anticlockwise direction, the current is clockwise. Thus an atom behaves like a magnetic dipole.

Answer 2

An atom of a magnetic material behaves as a  dipole because of the positive charge on the nucleus. The dipole moment is caused by the charge.

• Every atom has a nucleus in the center,  there is a concentration of positive charge and mass. In circular orbits around the nucleus, an equal amount of negative charges (i.e. electrons) rotate.
• The anticlockwise rotation of a negative-charge electron is comparable to conventional current I in the clockwise direction. The upper face, which has a clockwise current, functions as the south pole, while the lower face, which has a counterclockwise current, acts as the north pole. As a result, an electron in an orbit is the same as a magnetic dipole.