sign convention for both spherical mirrors and lenses.
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Mirror:
for Concave Mirror:
image distance,v= +/- ?
object distance,u= +/- ?
focal length, f= +/- ?
for Convex Mirror:
image distance,v= +/- ?
object distance,u= +/- ?
focal length, f= +/- ?
Lens:
for Concave Lens:
image distance,v= +/- ?
object distance,u= +/- ?
focal length, f= +/- ?
for Convex Lens:
image distance,v= +/- ?
object distance,u= +/- ?
focal length, f= +/- ?
Answers
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if u go towards left then - sign and if u go towards right than +sign
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Note :
- f = focal length
- v = distance of image .
- u = distance of object .
Lens formula :
1 / f = 1 / v - 1 / u
Concave lens :
f = negative
u = negative
v = negative
Convex lens
f = positive
u = negative
v = positive for real image ,
v = negative for virtual image .
The optical centre is chosen as the origin of the coordinate system.
With respect to optical centre :
The part which are above are positive, below negative.
The part which are right are positive while left is negative.
This is just like the normal x-axis and y-axis in the co-ordinate system .
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