something about kosala empires
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Kingdom of Kosala was an ancient Indian kingdom, corresponding roughly in area with the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh. It emerged as a small state during the late Vedic period, with connections to the neighboring realm of Videha.
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Kosala, ancient kingdom of northern India, roughly corresponding to the historical region of Oudh, in what is now south-central Uttar Pradesh state. Kosala extended across both banks of the Sarayu (modern Ghaghara) River and north into what is now Nepal. According to the Hindu epic the Ramayana, Kosala was ruled by kings descended from the Sun; one of these kings was Rama, whose capital was Ayodhya (Oudh), near modern Faizabad.
Kosala rose in political importance early in the 6th century BCE to become one of the 16 states dominant in northern India. It annexed the powerful kingdom of Kashi. About 500 BCE, during the reign of King Prasenajit (Pasenadi), it was regarded as one of the four powers of the north—perhaps the dominant power. At that time Kosala could command the trade routes of the Ganges (Ganga) River basin. The Buddha, who was born in the Shakya (Sakiya) tribe of northern Kosala (c. 563 BCE), often preached at the capital city of Shravasti (Savatthi), where he passed the rainy season during the last 25 years of his life.
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