Speak on the topic paradox of health care services in India class 7
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Healthcare System In India
Learn about the healthcare system in India and how it works
India has a vast health care system, but there remain many differences in quality between rural and urban areas as well as between public and private health care. Despite this, India is a popular destination for medical tourists, given the relatively low costs and high quality of its private hospitals. International students in India should expect to rely on private hospitals for advanced medical care.
Studying in India offers a number of health challenges that students from developed countries may be unused to, so it is important to know how the health care system in India operates in the event you need it. Health care in India is a vast system and can be much like the rest of the country: full of complexity and paradoxes.
History and Today
India's Ministry of Health was established with independence from Britain in 1947. The government has made health a priority in its series of five-year plans, each of which determines state spending priorities for the coming five years. The National Health Policy was endorsed by Parliament in 1983. The policy aimed at universal health care coverage by 2000, and the program was updated in 2002.
The health care system in India is primarily administered by the states. India's Constitution tasks each state with providing health care for its people. In order to address lack of medical coverage in rural areas, the national government launched the National Rural Health Mission in 2005. This mission focuses resources on rural areas and poor states which have weak health services in the hope of improving health care in India's poorest regions.
Private and Public
The health care system in India is universal. That being said, there is great discrepancy in the quality and coverage of medical treatment in India. Healthcare between states and rural and urban areas can be vastly different. Rural areas often suffer from physician shortages, and disparities between states mean that residents of the poorest states, like Bihar, often have less access to adequate healthcare than residents of relatively more affluent states. State governments provide healthcare services and health education, while the central government offers administrative and technical services.
Lack of adequate coverage by the health care system in India means that many Indians turn to private healthcare providers, although this is an option generally inaccessible to the poor. To help pay for healthcare costs, insurance is available, often provided by employers, but most Indians lack health insurance, and out-of-pocket costs make up a large portion of the spending on medical treatment in India.
On the other hand private hospitals in India offer world class quality health care at a fraction of the price of hospitals in developed countries. This aspect of health care in India makes it a popular destination for medical tourists. India also is a top destination for medical tourists seeking alternative treatments, such as ayurvedic medicine. India is also a popular destination for students of alternative medicine.
International students should expect to rely on private hospitals for advanced medical treatment in India. Local pharmacists can be a valuable resource for most minor health ailments.
Knowing the Indian health care system and taking reasonable health and safety precautions should help ensure that your time in India is a healthy and enjoyable one!
To learn more about the various insurance plans available for students going to India, please see the following plans:
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India has the largest number of medical colleges in the world and is among the largest producer of doctors.
India is the fourth largest producer of medicines in the world.
Most doctors settle in urban areas, while people in rural areas have to travel long distance for medical facilities.
About 5 lakh people die from tuberculosis every year, while 2 million cases of malaria are reported every year.
In India, a paradoxical situation exists as health care resources are uneven.
Private and Public Healthcare
Healthcare is divided into two categories: Public health services and private health services.
Public health services is a chain of health centres and hospitals run by the government. One important aspect of public health is that it is meant to provide quality healthcare services either free or at a low cost so that even the poor can seek treatment. It is available in both the rural and urban areas.
Private health services are not owned or controlled by the government. People have to pay a lot of money for every service that they use.
Healthcare and Equality
In India, private health services are increasing but public health services are not. As the cost of these private services is high, many people cannot afford them.
Private services sometimes encourage practice which is unethical. Barely 20% of the Indian population can afford medicines that they require during an illness.
It is the responsibility of the government to provide quality healthcare services to all its citizens, especially the poor and the disadvantaged.
In 1996, Kerala decentralized its health budget at Panchayati level to ensure effective health planning.
The best example of healthcare comes from Costa Rica where the government provides for adequate healthcare to people.
In a democratic country, it is the expectation of the people that government work for their welfare through the provision of education, health, employment, etc.
Health is a vital aspect because only healthy people can prove themselves resourceful.
Health means our ability to remain free of illness and injuries. In broader sense, health means something more than this. Apart from disease, we need to think of other factors such as clean drinking water, pollution-free surroundings etc. that affect our health. Adequate food is also essential for keeping ourselves in good health.
A life with stress will lead us to illness. Hence we need to be without mental strain. Thus, good health includes both a sound mind and sound body.
We need proper healthcare facilities to maintain good health.
Healthcare facilities include health centres, hospitals, laboratories for test, ambulance services, blood banks, etc.
In order to run such facilities, we need health workers, nurses, qualified doctors, etc.
We also need medicines and equipment that are essential for treating patients.
India has no dearth of qualified doctors. There are a large number of clinics and hospitals too. Perhaps, therefore, a large number of medical tourists come to our country for treatment at a reasonable cost.
India is the fourth largest producer of medicines in the world and is also a large exporter of medicines. Despite all this, the health situation in our country is very poor. The reason is that the government fails to make necessary healthcare available to all.
Healthcare facilities can be divided into two categories—Public health services and Private health facilities.
The public health service is a chain of health centres and hospitals run by the government. It is found in both the rural and urban areas.
At the village level, there are health centres where there is usually a nurse and a village health worker. They deal with common illnesses.
At the district level is the District Hospital that supervises all the health centres.
Big cities have many government hospitals.
Under the public health system, quality health care services are provided either free or at a low cost, so that even the poor can seek treatment.
Under this system, the action is also taken to prevent the spread of diseases like Tuberculosis, malaria, jaundice, cholera, diarrhoea, chikungunya, etc.
A wide range of private health facilities exists in our country. A large number of doctors run their own private clinics.
In the rural areas, Registered Medical Practitioners (RMPs) are found whereas in the urban areas a large number of doctors can be seen.
There are hospitals and nursing homes that are privately owned, and not run by the government.
Unlike public health services in private hospitals, patients have to pay a lot of money for their treatment.
In our country, private services are increasing but public sen/ices are not. As the private sen/ices are run for profit, the cost of these services is rather high. Poor people find it difficult to get treatment here.