Question

state and explain hybridisation​

Answer 1

the redistribution of the energy of orbitals of individual atoms to give new orbitals of equivalent energy and named the process as hybridisation.

types

(1)sp – Hybridisation

In such hybridisation one s- and one p-orbital are mixed to form two sp – hybrid orbitals, having a linear structure with bond angle 180 degrees. For example in the formation of BeCl2, first be atom comes in excited state 2s12p1, then hybridized to form two sp – hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals overlap with the two p-orbitals of two chlorine atoms to form BeCl2

2) sp2 – Hybridisation

In such hybridisation one s- and tow p-orbitals are mixed form three sp2– hybrid orbitals, having a planar triangular structure with bond angle 120 degrees.

3) sp3 – Hybridisation

In such hybridisation one s- and three p-orbitals are mixed to form four sp3– hybrid orbitals having a tetrahedral structure with bond angle 109 degrees 28′, that is, 109.5 degrees.

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Answer 2

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