Question

State and explain the principle of segregation?

Answer 1

The Principle of Segregation describes how pairs of gene variants are separated into reproductive cells. The segregation of gene variants, called alleles, and their corresponding traits was first observed by Gregor Mendel in 1865. Mendel was studying genetics by performing mating crosses in pea plants.

Answer 2

• According to Mendel's First Law of Inheritance or The Law of Dominance, ''In the cross between two parents who differ in one genetic characteristic for which they are both homozygous, all the offsprings in the first filial generation are equal to the examined characteristic in the genotype and phenotype showing the dominant trait...''
• According to Mendel's Second Law of Inheritance or The Law of Segregation, ''The characteristics or the traits of an organism are determined by internal factors which occur in pairs. Only one of a pair of such factors can be present in a single gamete...''
• According to Mendel's Third Law of Inheritance or The Law of Independent Assortment, ''In the inheritance of more than one pair of traits in a cross simultaneously, the factors responsible for each pair of traits are distributed independently to the gametes...''

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