Question

state and explain torricellis theorem

Answer 1

Torricelli's law, also known as Torricelli's theorem, is a theorem in fluid dynamics relating the speed of fluid flowing out of an orifice to the height of fluid above the opening.

AND THERE LAW IS

water, based on the distance below the surface at which the jet starts, assuming no air resistance, viscosity, or other hindrance to the fluid flow. This diagram shows several such jets, vertically aligned, leaving the reservoir horizontally. In this case, the jets have an envelope (a concept also due to Torricelli) which is a line descending at 45 degrees from the water's surface over the jets. Each jet reaches farther than any other jet at the point where it touches the envelope, which is at twice the depth of the jet's source. The depth at which two jets cross is the sum of their source depths. Every jet (even if not leaving horizontally) takes a parabolic path whose directrix is the surface of the water.

Answer 2

Torricelli's theorem states that the velocity of efflux for a nonviscous fluid flowing from a cylindrical tank is where is the acceleration due to gravity (10 ) and is the distance between the surface of the water and the location of the spigot. However, this does not specify the exact coefficient because it assumes that the velocity of the water at the surface of the tank is negligible and that both the tank and the spigot are exposed to atmospheric pressure. If the velocity of the water at the surface is taken into account, the formula for the velocity of efflux becomes where it takes into account r, the radius of the spigot, and R, the radius of the cylindrical tank. This equation can be derived from Bernoulli's equation, and the continuity equation.