Question

state Dalton's atomic theory.
(point to point) ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Postulates of Dalton’s Atomic Theory

The matter is made up of indivisible particles known as atoms.

The properties of all the atoms of a given element are the same including mass. This can also be stated as all the atoms of an element have identical mass while the atoms of different elements have different masses.

Atoms of different elements combine in fixed ratios to form compounds.

Atoms are neither created nor destroyed. This implies that during chemical reactions, no atoms are created nor destroyed.

The formation of new products (compounds) results from the rearrangement of existing atoms (reactants).

Atoms of an element are identical in mass, size and many other chemicals or physical properties, but atoms of two-different elements differ in mass, size, and many other chemical or physical properties.

Drawbacks of Dalton’s Atomic Theory of Matter

It was proved that an atom is not indivisible. An atom can be subdivided into electrons, protons, and neutrons. But remember that atom is the tiniest particle that takes part in a chemical reaction.

According to Dalton Atomic Theory, atoms of an element are identical in mass, size and many other chemicals or physical properties. But, practically we observe that atoms of several elements differ in their densities and masses. These atoms with the different masses are known as isotopes. For example, Chlorine (Cl) has 2 isotopes with the mass numbers of 35 and 37.

Also, according to Dalton Atomic Theory, atoms of two-different elements differ in mass, size and many other chemicals or physical properties. However, this is not correct in all situations. For example, Argon (Ar) and Calcium (Ca) atoms, each have an atomic mass of 40 AMU. These atoms with similar atomic masses are isobars.

According to Dalton Atomic Theory, when atoms of different elements (atoms of two or more elements) combine in simple whole-number ratios, we get chemical compounds. But this is not true in the case of complex organic compounds.

Dalton Atomic Theory fails to explain the existence of allotropes. This implies that the Dalton atomic theory fails to explain the differences in the properties of charcoal, graphite, and diamond (allotropes of carbon).

Dalton’s Atomic Theory also suggested that an atom is the smallest part of an atom that can take part in a chemical reaction. Some postulates of this theory remain valid even in today’s modern chemical thoughts. The atomic structure model proposed by indeed proves to be a significant, stepping stone in chemistry. It forms the base for modern atomic theories and quantum mechanics.

Answer 2

Hello!!❣In 1803 John dalton proposed his atomic theory ......

with it he made several interesting claims-

• That all matter is made u of tiny,indivisible and indestructible particles called atom..the atom is the smallest unit of matter that can take part in a chemical reaction ..
• All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties but they are differ from atoms of other elements
• Matter cannot be created not destroyed..
• Atoms of different element may combine with each other in fixed,simple ,whole number ratios to form compounds..
• Atoms of the same element can combine in more than one ratio to form two or more compounds...

.....hope it will help you..thanku:-)