state the composition of the state and the union executives
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:The Composition of The Union Executive
The Union Executive comprises of
President
Prime Minister
Council of Ministers
The president is the nominal executive whereas the Prime Minister is the real executive. Let us know about the qualifications, functions and powers of the members
The President
Qualifications of The President
Should be a citizen of India
Should have completed 35 years of age,
Should have qualifications similar to the members of the Lok Sabha.
Should be of sound mind.
Functions of The President
The functions of the President can be studied under two heads
Legislative Functions
Executive Functions
Legislative Functions
To summon, prorogue or dissolve the Parliament
To address the first session of the Parliament ( The ” Presidential speech”)
Nomination of 9 Anglo- Indian members to Lok Sabha and appoint 12 members of Rajya Sabha.
To access every bill to be passed by the Parliament and the power to withhold a bill. Also known as the ” Veto Power”
Executive Functions
All the administrative work is carried out in the name of the President
Appointment of Prime Minister and the Council of Members“`
Approval of members of Union Public Service Commission and National Commission for Women
Powers of the President
Financial Powers
Any financial bill has to go through the President before being presented in the Parlament.
Appointment of members of the Financial Commission and Planning Commission
Consolidated fund is in the name of the President
Judicial Powers
Pardoning the sentence of a convict declared by the Supreme Court
After consulting with the Chief Justice of India, the President appoints the judges of the Supreme Court and High Court.
Military Powers
He acts as the supreme commander of Armed Forces
The power to declare war or peace rests with the President
Appoints the Chief of Army, Navy as well as Air Force
Emergency Powers
Power to Declare National Emergency: When the security of the country is threatened due to war or external aggression, The President has the power to declare National Emergency in accordance with Article 352 of the Constitution.
Power to Declare State Emergency: In case of a complete breakdown of constitutional machinery, a ” President Rule” can be imposed by the State under the recommendations of the Governor of the concerned State in accordance with Article 356 of the Constitution.
Power to Declare Financial Emergency: If the financial stability and the prestige of a nation are threatened, President may impose financial emergency under Article 360 of the Constitution.
Prime Minister and The Council of Ministers
The Prime Minister is elected from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha amongst themselves. Under the Article 73 of the Constitution, He acts as the head of the Council of Ministers. He is the Head of the Government and is responsible for its actions.
Functions and Powers
Acts as a link between President and the Parliament
Recommendations to the President regarding the appointment of Ministers of the Cabinet
Acts as the Chairperson during the cabinet meetings
Enjoys a term of 5 years during which he has the power to dissolve the Lok Sabha
Recommends the President to appoint the Heads of highest constitutional bodies, commissions, judges, Governers, Chief of Navy, etc.