Question

state the five set of variable identify by kaplan​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Kaplan-Meier method (Kaplan & Meier, 1958), also known as the "product-limit method", is a nonparametric method used to estimate the probability of survival past given time points (i.e., it calculates a survival distribution). Furthermore, the survival distributions of two or more groups of a between-subjects factor can be compared for equality.

For example, in a study on the effect of drug dose on cancer survival in rats, you could use the Kaplan-Meier method to understand the survival distribution (based on time until death) for rats receiving one of four different drug doses: "40 mg/m2/d", "80 mg/m2/d", "120 mg/m2/d" and "160 mg/m2/d" (i.e., the survival time variable would be "time to death" and the between-subjects factor would be "drug dose"). You could then compare the survival distributions (experiences) between the four doses to determine if they are equal. If they were not equal, you could further determine where any differences between the groups of the between-subjects factor lie (e.g., whether death rates were higher in rats given the lowest drug dose – "40 mg/m2/d" of the drug – compared to rats given the highest drug dose: "160 mg/m2/d"). Alternately, you could use the Kaplan-Meier method to determine whether the (distribution of) time to failure of a knee replacement differs based on exercise impact amongst young patients (i.e., the survival time would be "time to knee replacement failure" and the between-subjects factor would be "exercise impact", which has three groups: "sedentary", "low impact" and "high impact"). You could then compare the survival distributions (experiences) between the three levels of exercise impact to determine if they are equal, and if not, where any differences lie (e.g., whether time to knee replacement failure was lower in the "sedentary" exercise group compared to the "high impact" exercise group).