state the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management
Answers
1. Segregating:- The solid waste into dry waste and Wet waste.
2. Composting:- We can decompose kitchen waste like peels of vegetables and fruits in our terrace garden, small pit or garden.
3. The new eco - friendly method is Vermicomposting - Converting solid waste by Earthworms.
4. Using the solid waste for generating the energy fro gas or electricity production. Here we heat the waste at very high tempreature. This process is called as Pyrolysis.
5. Secure and Landfilling :- In this method plastic, clay liners are replaced in landfills before waste is dumped which prevents leaching of waste.
Following are the scientific and eco-friendly methods of waste management.
1) Waste seperation: In this method, dry and wet wastes are seperated, stored and later collected for proper use.
2) Composting: Decomposition of degradable kitchen waste in small pits in the backyard, garden or terrace is called composting. Good quality manure can be produced by composting leftover food, peels of fruits, vegetables etc.
3) Vermicomposting: Converting solid waste into manure or compost with the help of earthworms is called Vermicomposting. Vermicompost manure is highly nutritious and can be used for agricultural purposes and garden plants.
4) Secured landfill: Solid waste is disposed off in secured landfills. The site for secured landfill is selected 2 km away from water bodies and human habitation. Care is taken to see that the site does not fall in sensitive zone. The landfills are layered with clay and plastic and then the garbage is spread and left to decompose naturally.
5) Pyrolysis: In this method, the waste is heated to a high temperature to obtain gas and electricity. Semi-combustible waste is burnt in pyrolysis. It is suitable for municipal solid waste management.
6) Incineration: Biomedical waste is burnt in incinerators to kill the pathogens. Disinfection and sterilization is also done while treating the biomedical waste.