Question

state the universal law of gravitation and write he value of G in detail
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Answer 1

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

$F = \frac{Gm_{1}m_{2} }{R^{2} }$

where,

F is the gravitational force between bodies

• m₁ is the mass of one of the objects

• m₂ is the mass of the second object

• R is the distance between the centres of two objects

• G is the universal gravitational constant

The constant proportionality (G) in the above equation is known as the universal gravitation constant. The precise value of G was experimentally determined by Henry Cavendish in the century after Newton’s death. The value of G is found to be G = 6.673 x 10-11 N m2/kg2.

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