state two merits and two demerits of indigenous breed of poultry
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ADVANTAGES
One of the major advantages of intensive farming is that it provides a high yield. This means that key food items such as eggs and chicken can be offered at competitive prices which are affordable to all
What is more, battery cages are designed to minimise the need for space and for labour which can help reduce costs. They achieve this by using mesh as the floor of the cages which allows the faeces to drop down limiting the need for clean up each cage. The eggs are collected with a conveyor belt from the cages while food is provided in front of the hens through a bisected metal or plastic pipe and water by using overhead nipple systems
DISADVANTAGES
But despite its clear advantages in terms of profitability and affordability, the batter cage system and similar intensive farming techniques also come with disadvantages. It is indicative that the EU has banned conventional battery cages for laying hens, while some countries are already considering banning a development of this cage system called “enriched” or “modified” cages which were developed to address some of the animal welfare concerns that had been raised with the original battery cages¹.
Most notably, chickens and hens in intensive poultry farming often suffer from different conditions and pain. A lot of intensively reared chickens suffer from lameness as a result of fast growth, a result of selective breeding and concentrated feed. In addition, the way the cages are designed and as the chickens grow, their droppings accumulate on the floor. When the droppings decompose, ammonia is released. The ammonia then fills the air with unhealthy fumes and this puts chickens at risk of incurring painful blisters, hock burns or ulcerated feet.
One of the major advantages of intensive farming is that it provides a high yield. This means that key food items such as eggs and chicken can be offered at competitive prices which are affordable to all
What is more, battery cages are designed to minimise the need for space and for labour which can help reduce costs. They achieve this by using mesh as the floor of the cages which allows the faeces to drop down limiting the need for clean up each cage. The eggs are collected with a conveyor belt from the cages while food is provided in front of the hens through a bisected metal or plastic pipe and water by using overhead nipple systems
DISADVANTAGES
But despite its clear advantages in terms of profitability and affordability, the batter cage system and similar intensive farming techniques also come with disadvantages. It is indicative that the EU has banned conventional battery cages for laying hens, while some countries are already considering banning a development of this cage system called “enriched” or “modified” cages which were developed to address some of the animal welfare concerns that had been raised with the original battery cages¹.
Most notably, chickens and hens in intensive poultry farming often suffer from different conditions and pain. A lot of intensively reared chickens suffer from lameness as a result of fast growth, a result of selective breeding and concentrated feed. In addition, the way the cages are designed and as the chickens grow, their droppings accumulate on the floor. When the droppings decompose, ammonia is released. The ammonia then fills the air with unhealthy fumes and this puts chickens at risk of incurring painful blisters, hock burns or ulcerated feet.
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