Question

State two similarities between mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Answer 1

Answer:

Similarities

Mitochondria and chloroplast both have:

A double membrane surrounding the organelles.

Purportedly prokaryotic origins according to the endosymbiotic theory which suggests that mitochondria and chloroplast were once prokaryotic bacteria engulfed by endocytosis in early eukaryotes.

Their own circular DNA which codes for certain enzymes required for the chemical reactions that take place in these organelles.

Their own 70S ribosomes made up of 50S and 30S subunits to translate proteins

The enzyme ATP synthase which utilizes the energy released from the movement of protons across it (proton-motive force) to phosphorylate ADP to ATP. (Thus, another similarity would be that they both produce ATP)

Electron transport chains, which are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and thylakoid membrane in mitochondria and chloroplasts respectively.

Both organelles have chemical cycles in which the initial acceptor is regenerated at the end of the cycle. In mitochondria, the Krebs cycle occurs after which oxaloacetate is regenerated at the end of the reaction. In chloroplasts, the Calvin cycle occurs in which ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) is regenerated at the end of the reaction.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Dear Student,

● Similarities between mitochondria and chloroplast -

• Both are sites of respiration (mitochondria is site for cellular respiration in animals and chloroplast is site for photorespiration in plants).
• Both help in generation of energy required by the organism.
• Both chloroplast and mitochondria have dual membrane.
• Both are semiautonomour organelles with own DNA.

Thanks dear. Hope this helps you..