State which are better fertilizers (i) Potassium phosphate (K3PO4) OR Potassium nitrate (KNO3) (ii) Urea (NH2CONH2) OR Ammonium phosphate [ (NH4)3PO4 ] GIVE ANSWER WITH PROPER REASONS......CORRET ANSWER WILL BE MARKED AS THE BRAINLIEST
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Fertilisers
Fertilisers contain elements which are essential for the healthy growth of crops. Fertilisers can be made in the laboratory and on a larger scale by the chemical industry.
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Chemistry (Single Science)
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What are fertilisers?
Fertilisers provide mineral ions needed for healthy growth in plants. As plants grow, they absorb mineral ions from the water in the soil through their root hair cells. Over time, the concentration of these ions decreases, so farmers and gardeners add fertilisers to the soil.

Fertilisers are usually sold as solid powders or granules
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
Fertilisers are formulations which may contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds to promote plant growth. Fertilisers that supply all three elements are often called NPK fertilisers, after the chemical symbols for these three elements.
Fertiliser compounds must be soluble in water so they can be absorbed by the root hair cells:
ammonium ions, NH4+, and nitrate ions, NO3-, are sources of soluble nitrogen
phosphate ions, PO43-, are a source of soluble phosphorus
all common potassium compounds dissolve in water to produce potassium ions, K+
The table shows some examples of fertilisers, their formula and the essential elements they provide:
Ammonium nitrateNH4NO3NitrogenAmmonium sulfate(NH4)2SO4NitrogenAmmonium phosphate(NH4)3PO4Nitrogen, phosphorusPotassium nitrateKNO3Potassium, nitrogenQuestion
Urea, (NH2)2CO, is used as a fertiliser. Name the essential element it provides.
Reveal answer
The importance of ammonia in making fertilisers
Ammonia (NH3) is an alkali and when it is involved in neutralisation reactions, it produces the ammonium ion (NH4+) which is present in lots of fertilisers.
However, ammonia can also be oxidised to make nitric acid (HNO3), which is the source of the nitrate ion (NO3-).
Ammonia can be neutralised by nitric acid, to make the salt ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). This can be represented by the following equation:
NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3
When this reaction takes place in aqueous solution, the reaction is more correctly represented by the following equation:
Ammonium hydroxide + nitric acid → ammonium nitrate + water
NH4OH + HNO3 → NH4NO3 + H2O
Mining raw materials for fertilisers
Minerals are extracted from the crust which can be used as fertilisers or as raw materials from which to make fertilisers.
Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate can be used as fertilisers because they contain potassium ions.
Phosphate rock cannot be used as a fertiliser because it is insoluble but it can be used to make fertilisers.
Phosphate rock contains phosphorus compounds. When it reacts with acids, useful soluble compounds are made:
Nitric acidCalcium nitrate and phosphoric acid (which is neutralised with ammonia to make ammonium phosphate)Sulfuric acidSingle superphosphate (a mixture of calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate)Phosphoric acidTriple superphosphate (calcium phosphate)
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