Question

Statements related to inertia of motion and inertia of rest are given below. Classify them
suitably.
When the branch of a mango tree is shaken, mangoes fall just as when the branch starts
moving.
When a carpet is suspended and hit with a stick dust particles comes out.
An athlete runs some distance before taking a long jump.
When a moving bus is suddenly stopped, the standing passengers tend to fall forward

Answer 1

Answer:

inertia of rest: mangoes fall , carpet hit with stick

inertia of motion: athlete run some distance, moving bus suddenly stopped

Answer 2

Statements related to Inertia of rest are:

When the branch of a mango tree is shaken, mangoes fall just as when the branch starts  moving.

When a carpet is suspended and hit with a stick dust particles comes out.

Statements related to Inertia of motion are:

An athlete runs some distance before taking a long jump.

When a moving bus is suddenly stopped, the standing passengers tend to fall forward

Explanation:

• Inertia - The inability of a body to change its position or state without applying force. Two different types of inertia based on the state of the object are:

                           1. Inertia due to rest

                          2. Inertia due to motion    

• When a force is applied to an object at rest and causes motion, the object resists the force causing the motion. This resisting force produced by the object is called Inertia due to rest.

• When a force is applied to an object in motion and causes it to slow down, the object resists the force causing it to slow down and this resisting force is called Inertia due to motion.
• Initially the mangoes are at resting position and they are unable to fall from the branches by itself. So an external force is required to change its state from rest. The inertia produced and it opposes the external force here is inertia due to rest.
• The dust particles that are present on a carpet's surface are at rest. The external force created by the collision disturbs them from their resting condition when they are hit with a stick. As a result, the inertia produced here is inertia caused by rest.
• Athletes are in motion when they run a certain distance. During the jump, he switches to a resting condition in order to complete the jump. However, due to inertia of motion, he only comes to a complete stop after jumping a given distance.
• When a bus is in motion, all the passengers along with the bus are in a state of motion. So when the bus suddenly stops, all the passengers due to their state of motion tends to fall forward because of change in state(to rest) due to inertia due to motion.