Question

std 10 water security project report no.1 and project report no.2​

Answer 1

Answer:

Water covers most of the planet but only 3 per cent increase from 552 BCM (Billion Cubic Metres) to

of it is fresh water and of which 2 per cent is frozen 1050 BCM by 2025, which will require the use of

in ice caps and glaciers. A mere 1 per cent in the all available water resources in the country. The per

form of lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, swamps, capita water availability according to the report has

marshes and bogs, is readily accessible and relied dropped from over 5,000 cubic metres per year in

on for human consumption. It is this amount that 1947 to less than 2,000 cubic metres per year in

truly matters when sizing up the water challenge. 1997 and by 2025, this figure will further drop to

In the last century the world population tripled and 1,500 cubic metres per year, which is well below the

the use of water grew six times. It is estimated that 2

level at which water stress is considered to occur.

by 2030 the demand for water will be 40 per cent The report also lists six of India's 20 major river

more than it is currently and 50 per cent higher in basins below the water scarcity threshold of 1,000

the most rapidly developing countries that include cubic metres per year. The Mckinsey Report (2009) 1

India and China. According to UN 2004

suggests that by 2030, water demand in India will

estimates, by 2030 the world population is

grow to almost 1.5 trillion m3, principally driven by

projected to reach 7.5 billion (low estimate) and 9 population growth and the domestic need for rice,

billion (medium estimate) by 2050 from the wheat and sugar. According to the Report, the

current level of 6.7 billion people. The bulk of the

current water supply is approximately 740 billion

population increase will be in countries already m3. Clearly, the drivers of future water challenge

experiencing water shortages. The ever expanding

are essentially tied to development and economic

gap between demand (in terms of the growing

growth with the agriculture sector as the largest

population and economy) and supply (in terms of withdrawer of water. The interplay of food,

availability) will potentially make water a serious

energy and water (FEW) within the complex

issue in the coming decades particularly in densely

context of population increase, rising standards of

populated countries. living and resource constraints poses interlocking

The water demand projection for India is a matter challenges to sustainable environmental policies.

Answer 2

Answer:

"The adaptive capability to ensure the sustained availability of, access to, and safe use of a sufficient, predictable and resilient amount and quality of water for health, livelihoods, ecosystems, and productive economies," according to SWP ( State Water Project ), is called water security.

Explanation:

The primary objective of water security is water policy, water quality water conservation and water management. A society with a high level of water security maximizes the advantages of water for people and ecosystems and lowers the likelihood of negative effects associated with water. The reliable supply of water in an appropriate quantity and quality for health, livelihoods, and productivity, along with an acceptable degree of water-related risks, is a definition of water security that is widely accepted.

Firstly what is water?

Water is a material made composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen that can exist in gaseous, liquid, and solid states. At room temperature, it is a colorless, odorless liquid with the critical feature of dissolving many other compounds. One of the most prevalent and necessary substances is it.

We can say water is another name of life. One of the most valuable resources we have on planet is water. Water is necessary for the operation of all biochemical activities that take place in plants, animals, our environment, etc. Since it is a crucial part of every biological function, it is necessary for life to survive on Earth.

Water scarcity, pollution, lowered water quality owing to effects of climate change, poverty, destructive powers of water, and other factors all contribute to water insecurity (for example natural disasters, terrorism and armed conflict).

According to the sustainable development paradigm, water security results can be divided into three categories: economic, environmental, and equity (or social). Things that are occurring or that we desire to occur as a result of policy and management are called outcomes:

• Financial benefits of water security: It may be necessary to adapt economic activities to deal with seasonal and annual variations in rainfall and surface water levels, including extreme events, in order to achieve sustainable growth (such as job creation, increased productivity, and standards of living), which takes changing water needs and threats into account.
• Environmental results: The availability, quality, and sustainability of the water supply, as well as the ecosystem services it supports. Examples of harmful environmental effects include groundwater depletion and the loss of freshwater biodiversity.
• Equity or social outcomes: Inclusive services to ensure that various users (people, industry, and agriculture) can get access to safe, dependable, enough water, and to safely dispose of wastewater. Gender-related concerns, empowerment, involvement, and accountability are all interesting topics.

To accomplish growth, sustainable development, and poverty reduction, water security must be improved. Social justice and the equitable sharing of environmental benefits and disadvantages are related to water security. The repercussions of the region's insecure water resources would be lessened as a result of sustainable development, especially for women and children, who are most at risk.

The ability of a civilization to maintain water security is primarily determined by three factors:

• Hydrologic setting
• Social and economic context
• Environmental changes in the future (climate change)

Natural resources, scientific and engineering methodologies, political and legal instruments, financial and economic instruments, policy and governance tactics are all used to increase water security. To reach a high level of water security, a series of investments in infrastructure, knowledge, and institutions is required.

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