Question

STIUN
5. Write in brief the various steps for obtaining sodium
carbonate (Na,C03.10H2O) from Solvay process process.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Steps involved in the manufacture of sodium carbonate are explained below:

Purification of Brine

Formation of sodium hydrogen carbonate

Formation of sodium carbonate

Recovery of ammonia

Step 1: Purification of Brine

Concentrated brine is obtained by the process of evaporation and impurities like calcium, magnesium, etc are removed by the precipitation process. The concentrated brine solution undergoes filtration and is mixed with ammonia in the ammonia tower and the ammonia tower gets cooled.

Step 2: Formation of sodium hydrogen carbonate

In a carbonate tower, carbon dioxide is passed through an ammoniated brine solution.

NH3(aq) + CO2(g) + NaCl(aq) +H2O → NaHCO3(s) + NH4Cl(aq)

Step 3: Formation of sodium carbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) formed is obtained from the tower and is heated at a temperature of 300°C. Hence formations of sodium carbonate take place.

2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O

Step 4: Recovery of ammonia

Ammonia can be recovered by treating the solution of NH4Cl with Ca (OH)2. This ammonia is again used in the Solvay process and CaCl2 is obtained as a by-product.

2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → 2NH3 + CaCl2 + H2O

Answer 2

Answer:

It is also called as washing soda

Explanation:

In this process advantage is taken of the low solubility of sodium hydrogen carbonate where by it gets precipitated in the reaction of sodium chloride with ammonium hydrogen carbonate the letter is prepared by passing CO2 into concentrated solution of sodium chloride saturated with ammonia where ammonium carbonate followed by ammonium hydrogen carbonate formed

2NH3+H2O+CO2=(NH4)2CO3

(NH4)2CO3+H2O+CO2=2NH4HCO3

NH4HCO3+NaCl=NH4Cl+NaHCO3

sodium hydrogen carbonate crystal separates.These heated to give sodium carbonate.

2NaHCO3=Na2CO3+CO2+H2O