Substantiate with the help of one example that in an ecosystem mutualists (i) tend to co-evolve and (ii) are also one of the major causes of biodiversity loss.
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(i) Ophrys employs ‘sexual deceit’ to get pollination done by a species of bee. One petal of its flower bears resemblence to female bee thus attracting male bee for pollination. If the female bee’s colour patterns change even slightly for any reason during evolution, pollination success will be reduced unless the orchid flower co-evolves to maintain the resemblance of its petal to the female bee.
(ii) Co-extinctions: When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct. When a host fish species becomes extinct, its unique assemblage of parasites also meets the same fate.
(ii) Co-extinctions: When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct. When a host fish species becomes extinct, its unique assemblage of parasites also meets the same fate.
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The mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which the two or more species are dependent upon each other and both derives the benefit for association.
Explanation:
i).The co-evolution is a process by which the species evolve simultaneously to support the mutualistic association.The Orchid the species of plant acquires the mimic to the female bee to get pollinated with the species of bee.
ii).If the female bee's color pattern get changed then the rate of pollination will get reduced in the Orchid. The pollination will get disturbed unless the Orchid flower co-evolves to maintain the mimic with the female bee. This is called as mutualistic association. The Orchid species will not be able to survive and this will cause extinction and biodiversity loss.
Learn more about co-evolution:
Explain parasitism and co-evolution with the help of one example: https://brainly.in/question/6483626
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