Question

Suggest suitable mechanism (s) for waste management in fertiliser industries.

Answer 1

Answer:

Two schemes of treatment were applied to wastewater produced from a superphosphate manufacturing unit. In the first scheme the final effluent, comprising washing water from the scrubbing towers in combination with cooling water, was subjected to chemical coagulation-sedimentation using lime. In the second scheme the washing water from the scrubbing towers was chemically treated with recycling of a percentage of the treated effluent. The two treatment schemes were carried out using a continuous flow compact unit.

Answer 2

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To manage waste in the fertiliser industry following steps must be taken:→

• For control of gaseous pollutants combustion equipments are used which can be oxidised. The pollutants are exposed to a high temperature in the process. Air pollutants, such as certain gases and vapour and inflammable compounds are controlled through the use’ of adsorption equipments. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon, and it needs the presence of a large solid surface area. This process removes toxic and odoriferous compounds are efficiently.

Three options available for controlling the effluents are:→

• Control can take place at the point of generation within the factory.

• Wastewater can be pre-treated for discharge to municipal treatment systems.

• Wastewater can be treated completely at the factory and either reused or discharged directly for receiving water.