sulphuric acid has highest importance in chemical industry?why?
Answers
Sulfuric acid is one of the important products in the basic chemical industry. It is not only used as raw material for many chemical products, but also widely used in other national economic sectors. Its scope of application is growing, the need for an increasing number. The role of sulfuric acid in the national economy is described below.
For agricultural production services
◆ for the production of fertilizer ammonium sulfate (commonly known as ammonium or fertilizer powder) and superphosphate (commonly known as superphosphate lime or calcium) these two kinds of fertilizer production should consume a lot of sulfuric acid.
2nh3 + h2so4 ==== (nh4) 2so4
Each production of one ton of ammonium sulfate, it is necessary to consume sulfuric acid (equivalent to 100% calculation) 760kg, each production of tons of superphosphate, it is necessary to consume sulfuric acid 360kg.
◆ for the production of pesticides Many pesticides should be sulfuric acid as raw materials such as copper sulfate, zinc sulfate can be used as plant fungicide, thallium sulfate can be used as rodenticide, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate can be used as herbicide. The most common insecticides, such as 1059 emulsions (45%) and 1605 emulsions (45%), require sulfuric acid. The former production of 1t each, need to consume 20% fuming sulfuric acid 1.4t the latter for each production 1t, need to consume sulfuric acid 36kg. For everyone familiar with the DDT, each production 1t need 20% fuming sulfuric acid 1.2t.
■ Services for industrial production
◆ for the metallurgical industry and metal processing in the metallurgical industry sector, especially the production process of non-ferrous metals need to use sulfuric acid. For example, electrolytic refining of copper, zinc, cadmium, nickel, the electrolyte will need to use sulfuric acid, some precious metals refining, but also need to dissolve the sulfur to dissolve the other metals. In the iron and steel industry in the cold rolling, cold drawing and stamping before processing, must be used to remove sulfur on the surface of iron and steel iron oxide. In the rolling sheet, cold drawn seamless steel pipe and other high quality requirements of steel, must be washed once every time with sulfuric acid. In addition, there are seam steel pipe, thin metal, wire and so on in the galvanized before, have to go through sulfuric acid for pickling procedures. In some metal machining process, such as nickel, chrome and other metal parts, also need to use sulfuric acid to wash the surface of the rust. In the black metallurgical business sector, the need for pickling steel generally accounts for about 5% of the total output of 6%, while the pickling of steel per ton, about 98% of sulfur consumption of 30kg ~ 50kg.
◆ for the petroleum industry, gasoline, lubricants and other petroleum products in the production process, need to concentrate concentrated sulfuric acid to remove one of the sulfur compounds and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Crude oil refining per tonne requires about 24kg sulfuric acid, per ton of diesel refining needs about 30kg sulfuric acid. The preparation of activated clay used in the petroleum industry also consumes a lot of sulfuric acid.
◆ for other chemical production and other industrial sectors Many chemical production requires the use of sulfuric acid. For example, in concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid as dehydrating agent; chlor-alkali industry, concentrated sulfuric acid to dry chlorine, hydrogen chloride gas; inorganic salt industry, such as cryolite (na3alf6), borax (na2b4o710h2o) Sodium, disodium hydrogen phosphate, lead sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate and other sulfates are prepared with sulfuric acid. Many inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid, boric acid, chromic acid (h2cro4, sometimes also refers to cro3), hydrofluoric acid, chlorosulfonic acid (clso3h); organic acids such as oxalic acid [(cooh) 2], acetic acid, As raw material. In addition coking chemical industry (with sulfuric acid to the role of ammonia in coke gas by-product ammonium sulfate), electroplating industry, leather industry, pigment industry, rubber industry, paper industry, paint industry (organic solvent preparation), industrial explosives And lead storage battery manufacturing, etc., are consuming a considerable amount of sulfuric acid.
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