Question

summary of life processes science class 10

Answer 1

Few points that can be summed up for chapter - Life Processes are: i. Life processes are the vital processes carried out by living organisms in order to maintain and sustain life. ii. Nutrition is a process of intake of nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc. by an organism as well as the utilization of these nutrients by an organism. iii. Autotrophs can prepare their own food from simple inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and water. Example - green plants and some bacteria. iv. Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and is dependent on other vanimals. v. Green plants prepare their food by the process of photosynthesis. They utilize CO2, H2O and sunlight, with the help of chlorophyll, giving out O2 as a byproduct. vi. In the light reaction of photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed and converted to chemical energy in the form of ATP.� The water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen. vii. In mouth, food is crushed into small particles through chewing and mixed with saliva, which contains amylase for digesting starch. viii. On swallowing, food passes through pharynx and oesophagus to reach stomach. The gastric juice contains pepsin (for digesting proteins), HCl and mucus. ix. In the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins and fats are completely digested into glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and glycerol. x. The villi of small intestine absorb the digested food and supply it to every cell of the body. xi. The end-products of anaerobic respiration in muscles of human beings is lactic acid and in yeast cells, ethanol and carbon dioxide are released. Carbon dioxide and water are released during aerobic respiration. Large amount of energy is released in aerobic respiration as compared to anaerobic respiration. xii. The alveoli of lungs are richly supplied with blood and are the sites where exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) occurs between blood and atmosphere. xiii. Arteries carry blood from heart to different parts of the body whereas veins deliver the blood back to the heart. Arteries are connected to veins by thin capillaries, wherein materials are exchanged between blood and cells. xiv. Humans show double circulation and complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. xv. Translocation of food is carried out through phloem tissue from leaves and storage organs to other parts of the plant. This process requires energy in the form of ATP. xvi. Nephrons are the basic filtration units of kidneys. They carry out filtration, selective reabsorption and tubular secretion to form urine in kidney, which is then passed out through the urethra, via the ureters and urinary bladder.

Answer 2

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