Summary of poem mutability by percy bysshe shelley
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In the poem “Mutability”, Percy Shelley presents a theme of the perpetual change that humans struggle with in their lives. He portrays this in various ways, with comparisons of humans to clouds and to lyres being present. Shelley discovers the different emotions of humans with the inevitability of change completely consuming them. He shows that unlike change, the human life is insignificant and will easily be forgotten. Despite humankind’s best attempt to conceal this change, it is a real factor in life with the only option being to embrace it. Shelley believes that people undertake life with a certain quickness, which will conclude in being overshadowed anyway. He goes on to state that regardless of the accomplishments that are attained during one’s lifetime, they will be forgotten easily. Despite our reactions to life’s course, we ultimately have no control over the concept of change. Shelley uses skilful imagery in the first two stanzas of the work, which bring the reader closer to the poem, igniting a spark of interest and later, allowing for the complete understanding of the concept of mutability. Percy Shelley’s poem sheds light on the fragility of the human condition.
Percy Shelley opens his poem comparing humans to “clouds that veil the midnight moon” (Line 1). This portrays to the reader the way in which Shelley sees the “We,” (Line 1) human beings. He considers the moon as an object of mutability and suggests that like the clouds, humans try to hide or conceal change. This becomes apparent as Shelley states, “- yet soon/ Night closes round, and they are lost for ever” (Lines 3-4). This line shows the perpetuation of change despite our attempts to conceal it using the image of night enveloping us to demonstrate human mortality. Shelley’s imagery of the night’s clouds is his representing for the reader the perhaps extravagant, but certainly short lives of humans on Earth. Shelley describes the cloud’s actions as a metaphor for human actions, “How restlessly they speed, and gleam, and quiver, / streaking the darkness radiantly!” (Lines 2-3). He believes that humans go through life with speed, not taking time to rest; like clouds at night, we do not last forever. Although human beings attempt to be ostentatious, Shelley deems that we are all insignificant because we are easily forgotten. The first stanza portrays the fact that humans are mortal, and regardless of how radiantly we may shine, we are like clouds at night that are overshadowed.
The second stanza is rich in imagery, which Shelley uses to narrate his points. He depicts humans again, this time as “forgotten lyres [stringed musical instruments of the harp family], whose dissonant strings/ Give various response to each varying blast,/ To whose frail frame no second motion brings/ One mood or modulation like the last”(Lines 5-9). Shelley describes the simple beauty that humans can be as well as create, but presents the frailty of our existence and how quickly humans along with the beauty created can be forgotten as well. These lines present another metaphor that furthers the concept of human mortality. Shelley compares humans to “forgotten lyres” in that our ability to create and produce is short lived; all that is amounted during our lifetime will be forgotten once we cease to exist. Each motion brings the lyre a different sound, which induces a different mood. Shelley may be referring to the human body and how frail it is, regardless of how strong it may feel. He compares humans to instruments that have been cast aside, whose melodies sweet in their own time are now forgotten. Once humankind’s frail time is over, it will never come again. These images suggest that Shelley sees nothing good in life.
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