Table 1 shows Rf values for 5 ions. Table 2 shows Rf values from 3 samples of wastewater. The same solvent was used for all ions and samples.
Table 1
Ion
Molar mass (g/mole)
Distance traveled (cm)
Rf
Spot color
Nickel(N2+)
58.7
0.8
0.08
pink
Cobalt(Co2+)
58.9
3.5
0.35
brown-black
Copper(Cu2+)
63.5
6.0
0.60
blue
Cadmium(Cd2+)
112.4
7.8
0.78
yellow
Mercury(Hg2+)
200.6
9.5
0.95
brown-black
Table 1 adapted from Thomas McCullough, CSC, and Marissa Curlee, “Qualitative Analysis of Cations Using Paper Chromatography.” ©1993 by the American Chemical Society.
Table 2
Sample
Rf
Spot color
1
0.60
0.78
blue
yellow
2
0.35
0.95
brown-black
brown-black
3
0.08
0.78
0.95
pink
yellow
brown-black
Question:6 ) Based on the information in Table 1, to best identify a metal ion using paper chromatography, one should know the:
A)  spot color for the ion only.
B)  distance the solvent traveled only
C)  Rf value and spot color for the ion only
D)  distance the solvent traveled and spot color of the ion only
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