Question

Technique used for capturing specific target proteins and mapping their binding epitope containing peptide

Answer 1

Answer:

Epitope mapping is the process of experimentally identifying the binding site, or "epitope", of an antibody on its target antigen (usually, on a protein).[1][2][3] Identification and characterization of antibody binding sites aid in the discovery and development of new therapeutics, vaccines, and diagnostics.[4][5][6] Epitope characterization can also help elucidate the mechanism of binding for an antibody[7] and can strengthen intellectual property (patent) protection.[8][9][10] Experimental epitope mapping data can be incorporated into robust algorithms to facilitate in silico prediction of B-cell epitopes based on sequence and/or structural data.[11] Epitopes are generally divided into two classes: linear and conformational. Linear epitopes are formed by a continuous sequence of amino acids in a protein. Conformational epitopes are composed of amino acids that are discontinuous in the protein sequence but brought together upon three-dimensional protein folding. B-cell epitope mapping studies suggest that most interactions between antigens and antibodies, particularly autoantibodies and protective antibodies (e.g., in vaccines), rely on binding to conformational epitopes.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Technique used for capturing specific target proteins and mapping their binding epitope containing peptide

• Epitope mapping is possible because to the molecular biology process known as site-directed mutagenesis (SDM). SDM involves the methodical introduction of amino acid mutations into the target protein's amino acid sequence. Each altered protein is examined for antibody binding to determine the amino acids that make up the epitope.
• By using a search for sequence similarity between the source sequence of the epitope and protein sequences in the Protein Data Bank, the IEDB-AR homology mapping tool allows the mapping of a linear epitope from a source protein to proteins with known 3D structures.
• The part of an alien protein, or antigen, known as an epitope that can elicit an immune response is also known as an antigenic determinant. The portion of the antigen known as an epitope binds to a particular antigen receptor on the surface of a B cell.
• A popular method for analysing the main structure of biopharmaceuticals is peptide mapping. Bottom-up approaches are used in basic workflows, which also include enzymatic digestion, separation of the resultant peptides, and analysis using ultraviolet (UV) detection and/or mass spectrometry (MS).
• Surface exposure, spatial data, and amino acid statistics are all combined in DiscoTope. It is trained using 76 X-ray structures of antibody/antigen protein complexes that contain discontinuous epitopes.

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