Question

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Describe the major physical features of the Northern Mountains of India?
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Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains stretch over the northern borders of India. The Himalaya consists of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent. A number of valleys lie between these ranges.

Great or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri

• The northern-most range is known as the Great or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri. Peaks with an average height of 6,000 metres. It contains all prominent Himalayan peaks.

• It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest. The folds of the Great Himalayas are Asymmetrical in nature.

• There are large number of mountain peaks that are being located here. Highest mountain peak being the Mount Everest.

Himachal or lesser Himalayas

• The Himachal or lesser Himalaya has am altitude that varies between 3.700 and 4.500 average for the metres and the average width is of 50 Km.

• The ranges are mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks.They forms the most rugged mountain.

• These mountains are covered with snow only during winter. In summer, they have cool and pleasant climate. They are popular for hill stations like Shimla, Mussoorie, Kullu, Manali, Dehradun, Darjeeling, etc.

Outer Himalayas or Siwaliks

• Outer Himalayas or Siwaliks of Northern Mountains in India have an average height of 900-1100 m and a width of 10-50 km.

• These ranges are composed of unconsolidated sediments. Brought down by rivers from the main Himalayan ranges located farther north.

• The longitudinal valleys that are existing between Lesser Himalayas and the Siwaliks are called Duns, e.g. Dehradun, Kotli Dun, Patli Dun, etc. Dehradun is located in between Siwaliks and Mussoorie Hills.

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