Question

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1. Name the smallest cell and the largest cell with their measure.

2. Write a short note on:-
a) Cytoplasm
b) Nucleus of the cell
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Answer 1

1. The smallest cell is Mycoplasma (PPLO-Pleuro pneumonia like organims). It is about 10 micrometer in size. The largest cells is an egg cell of ostrich. The longest cell is the nerve cell.
2. CYTOPLASM

Cytoplasm is a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. It is mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm includes all of the material inside the cell and outside of the nucleus.

3. Neclues of cells

The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes.

Answer 2

Answer:

smallest - mycoplasma

largest - ovum

2. = Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance between the nucleus and the cell membrane.

Various cell organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. are suspended in the cytoplasm.

It helps in exchange and storage of substances among cell organelles.

Most of the metabolic reactions also occur inside cytoplasm.

=The spherical round body present in the centre of the cell is called nucleus.

It is an important component of the living cell.

Nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear membrane.

The nuclear membrane is porous and allows the movement of materials between the cytoplasm and nucleus.

The nucleus consists of a spherically shaped dense mass called nucleolus. Nucleus also contains thread-like structures called chromosomes. These carry genes and help in inheritance or transfer of characters from the parents to the offspring.