Question

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Write the allotopic form of phosphorus​

Answer 1

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There are different allotropic forms of phosphorus in nature. The important allotropic forms of phosphorus are white phosphorus, black phosphorus and red phosphorous.

White Phosphorus Properties:

Translucent like white waxy solid

Poisonous in nature

Less stable and more reactive

Does not dissolve in water

When mixed with carbon disulphide it dissolves

Glows in the dark(chemiluminescence)

Further, the white form of it dissolves in NaOH in an inert atmosphere giving PH3. The reaction that takes place is as follows:

P4+3NaOH+3H20→PH3+3NaH2PO2

(Sodium Hypophosphite)

Due to the angular strain in P4 molecule (wherein the angle is 60∘), In the presence of air, it readily catches fire and gives out dense white fumes of P4O10. The reaction is as follows: P4+5O2→P4O10

On heating white P4 at 573K in an inert atmosphere for several days, red phosphorus is obtained. Further, on heating it under high pressure, a series of phases of black form is formed.

Red phosphorus properties:

Has iron grey lustre

Odourless

Non-poisonous

Solubility properties: does not dissolve in water and carbon disulphide

Does not glow in the dark

Chemically, white phosphorus is more reactive than red phosphorus

It is polymeric and consists of chains of P4 tetrahedra linked together

Black Phosphorus properties:

α-black and β-black are two forms of black phosphorus. When red phosphorus is heated in a sealed tube at 803K, an α-black form is formed. It can be sublimed in the air and has either rhombohedral crystals or opaque monoclinic. It does not oxidize in the air. When white form is heated under high pressure at 473 K β-Black is formed. It does not burn in the air up to 673K.

Hope it helps you ❣️

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