Show an experiment to study the dependence of potential difference across a resistor on the current passing through it and determine it's resistance. Also plot a graph between V and I .
Answers
Explanation:
Potential difference is defined as the work done to move a unit charge from one point to the other. The SI unit of potential difference is volt. Electromotive force is defined as the force that distributes the equilibrium of free-flowing electrons. Below is an experiment to study the dependence of the potential difference across a resistor with current-carrying I.
Aim
To study the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also, plot a graph between V and I.
Theory
What is Ohm’s law?
In an electric circuit, the potential difference V across the metallic wire is directly proportional to the current flowing through the circuit with a constant temperature. This is known as Ohm’s law.
V∝I. ∴ V=IR.
What are the factors affecting resistance?
Following are the factors affecting resistance:
The nature of the resistor.
With an increase in length, the resistance also increases. So length also affects the resistance.
With an increase in the cross-sectional area, the resistance decreases. So cross-sectional area of the wire affects the resistance.
Materials Required
Following is the list of materials required for this experiment:
A battery
An insulated copper wire
A key
An ammeter
A voltmeter
A rheostat
A resistor
A piece of sandpaper
Answer :
When the student took 5 readings for different values of R and the student gets a straight line graph.
This verifies Ohm's law.
Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points
So, if you plot a graph of current against voltage you will get:
I ∝ V
I = V
R
R = V
I
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