Question

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EXPLAIN Briefly the RUTHERFORD ATOMIC MODEL .

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Answer 1

Answer:

The model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun.

OBSERVATION:

• A major fraction of the α-particles bombarded towards the gold sheet passed through it without any deflection, and hence most of the space in an atom is empty

• Some of the α-particles were deflected by the gold sheet by very small angles, and hence the positive charge in an atom is not uniformly distributed. The positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small volume

• Very few of the α-particles were deflected back, that is only a few α-particles had nearly 180o angle of deflection. So the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom

Answer 2

RUTHERFORD ATOMIC MODEL

• α−ray is the flow of the 2+ ions
• Alpha ray is bombarded over thin gold foil.

OBSERVATION

• Most of the Alpha particle pàss through the thin gold foil without any deflection.
• Sum of Alpha particle get deflected through less than 90°
• Very few of Alpha Ray pàss through thin gold file with deflection angle more than 90°
• One ray in 15000 rays shows deflection through 180°.

CONCLUSION OF RUTHERFORD MODEL

• Most part of the atom are empty.
• Centre of the atom have highly dense reason which is positively charged reason known as nucleus.
• Total mass of atom is concentrated in nucleus.
• Size of nucleus is very less as compared to size of the atom.
• Volume of atom = 10¹⁵ × Volume Of Nucleous
• Electron revolves around the nucleus in circular path.

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