Question

$\large{\mid{\fbox{\rm{Question:}}\mid}}$
Explain the given terms :-
a) Glomerulus.
b) Bowman's Capsule.
c) Proximal tubule.​

Answer 1

a) Glomerulus is a network of small blood vessels also known as a tuft, located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney. The tuft is structurally supported by the mesangium which is the space between the blood vessels, composed of intraglomerular mesangial cells.

b) Bowman's capsule is a nephron in the functional unit of kidney each other from consists of a cup shaped structure at one end which is known as Bowman's Capsule. It extends from urinary tube which is surrounded by the network of Renal Capillaries.

c) Proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from renal pole of the Bowman's capsule to the beginning of loop of Henle. It is classified into the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and proximal straight tubule (PST).

Answer 2

Answer

Glomerulus

$\bigstar$ Glomerulus are bunch of capillaries formed by afferent arterioles (Renal artery) and have small pores on them that is enclosed by Bowman's capsule.

$\bigstar$ Glomerulus help in filteration of blood. they filter glucose, amino acids,urea,uric acid, Ketone bodies and large amount of water.

Bowman's Capsule

$\bigstar$ It is a double Walled cup - shaped structure. They are also known as powerhouse of glomerulus. They are made up of two layers squamous epithelium.

$\bigstar$ The water and dissolved substances from the glomerulus are filtered into the Bowman's capsule.

Proximal tubule

$\bigstar$ Proximal tubule is a tube which is lined by simple cuboidal brush boder epithelium. They increase the surface area for reabsorption.

$\bigstar$ They absorb maximum amount of essential substances from the filtrate. 70 - 80 % of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed by the proximal tubules.

$\bigstar$ Proximal tubule help in maintaining the pH and ionic balance of the body fluids.