Question

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$\tt{1. \ Ideal \ fluid}$

$\tt{2. \ Working \ of \ Atomizer}$
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Answer 1

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✔✔IDEAL FLUID✔✔



A fluid is a gas or liquid that, unlike a solid, flows to assume the shape of the container in which it is placed. This occurs because a fluid responds to a shear stress, or a force per unit area directed along the face of a cube of fluid, by flowing, rather than by an elastic displacement as in a solid.

Ideal fluid

An ideal fluid is a fluid that has several properties including the fact that it is:

• Incompressible – the density is constant

• Irrotational – the flow is smooth, no turbulence

• Nonviscous –(Inviscid) fluid has no internal friction ( η = 0)

Ideal fluid do not actually exist in nature, but sometimes used for fluid flow problems.

2.Real fluid: Fluid that have viscosity(μ > 0) and their motion known as viscous flow.

All the fluids in actual practice are real fluids.

Fluid dynamics:

we use ideal fluid in 2 equations :

1.Continuity equation

2.Bernoulli equation

3. Newtonian Fluids:

A real fluid in which the shear stress is directly proportional to rate of shear strain (or velocity gradient).

4. Non-Newtonian Fluid:

A real fluid in which the shear stress is not proportional to the rate of shear strain.

5. Ideal Plastic Fluid:

A fluid in which shear stress is more than the yield value and shear stress is proportional to the rate of shear strain (or velocity gradient).

✔✔WORKING OF ATOMIZER✔✔


All atomizers work on the principle of air flow and suction. When horizontal air passes over a vertical tube, it causes the air and liquid inside the vertical tube to be pulled upward. Classic atomizers use a squeeze bulb to store a lot of air that moves quickly over the feeder tube when squeezed. The bulb has two one-way valves located at either end. When the bulb is depressed, the valve leading into the tube that leads toward the bottle is forced open by air pressure while the valve leading to the outside is pulled closed. When the bulb is released, the rubber inside returns it to its original shape, closing the valve leading to the tube, and opening the valve to the outside so that air can fill the bulb.
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HOPE THIS HELPS YOU.

Answer 2

$<u><h2>Ideal Fluid</u></h2>$

An ideal fluid is one which is non-viscous, incompressible, and its flow is steady and irrotational.

( I ) $<b>Steady Flow :</b>$ In a steady flow, the fluid velocity at each point doesn't change with time, either in magnitude of direction.

( II ) $<b>Incompressible flow :</b>$ The density of the fluid remains constant during its flow.

( III ) $<b>Non-viscous flow :</b>$ The fluid offers no internal friction. An object moving with through this fluid doesn't experience a regarding force.

( IV ) $<b>Irrotational flow :</b>$ This means that there is no angular momentum of the fluid about any point. A very small wheel placed at any point inside such a fluid doesn't rotate about its centre of mass.

$<h2><u>Atomizer</u></h2>$

The working of an Atomizer which is used to spread liquids is based on Bernoulli's principle.

$<i>[ See the picture of Atomizer in Attachment. ]</i>$

When the balloon is pressed, the air rushes out of the horizontal tube B decreasing the pressure to $\sf{P_2}$ which is less than the atmospheric pressure $\sf{P_1}$ in the container. As a results, the liquid rises up in the vertical tube A. When it collides with the high speed air in tube B, it breaks up into a fine spray.