The $2$nd law of thermodynamics in a general relativistic context?
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Relativistic thermodynamics has been studied, and found to be both very surprising and simultaneously not very interesting, at least in special relativity.
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Relativistic thermodynamics has been studied, and found to be both very surprising and simultaneously not very interesting, at least in special relativity. Page on ams.org is a beautiful introduction to the subject
In particular, it turns out that the heat transferred to a body and the temperature do transform for a relativistic frame:
dQ=dQ0(1−v2c2)1/2dQ=dQ0(1−v2c2)1/2
T=T0(1−v2c2)1/2T=T0(1−v2c2)1/2
However, it is precisely because of this transformation that the entropy in a relativistic frame is unchanged, so that the second law of thermodynamics does, in fact, hold. If you aren't sure why, recall that the entropy S is given by
S=∫dQTS=∫dQT
so that the relativistic corrections vanish. Since the second law of entropy is given by
ΔS≥∫dQTΔS≥∫dQT
it follows that the second law of thermodynamics carries over unchanged and therefore holds in special relativity.
What about general relativity? There the story begins to become more interesting, but is well beyond the scope of a layman answer, and I encourage those who understand general relativity to peruse the link themselves. To put it simply: the second law does hold, but it is now possible for irreversible processes to increase their entropy indefinitely (in ordinary classical thermodynamics, these processes eventually reach a maximum state of entropy which does not change), and reversible processes now occur at a finite rate (which classically is impossible).
Summary
The second law of thermodynamics holds locally in every person's reference frame.
I hope its help you plzz mark me brainliest ans and follow me
Relativistic thermodynamics has been studied, and found to be both very surprising and simultaneously not very interesting, at least in special relativity. Page on ams.org is a beautiful introduction to the subject
In particular, it turns out that the heat transferred to a body and the temperature do transform for a relativistic frame:
dQ=dQ0(1−v2c2)1/2dQ=dQ0(1−v2c2)1/2
T=T0(1−v2c2)1/2T=T0(1−v2c2)1/2
However, it is precisely because of this transformation that the entropy in a relativistic frame is unchanged, so that the second law of thermodynamics does, in fact, hold. If you aren't sure why, recall that the entropy S is given by
S=∫dQTS=∫dQT
so that the relativistic corrections vanish. Since the second law of entropy is given by
ΔS≥∫dQTΔS≥∫dQT
it follows that the second law of thermodynamics carries over unchanged and therefore holds in special relativity.
What about general relativity? There the story begins to become more interesting, but is well beyond the scope of a layman answer, and I encourage those who understand general relativity to peruse the link themselves. To put it simply: the second law does hold, but it is now possible for irreversible processes to increase their entropy indefinitely (in ordinary classical thermodynamics, these processes eventually reach a maximum state of entropy which does not change), and reversible processes now occur at a finite rate (which classically is impossible).
Summary
The second law of thermodynamics holds locally in every person's reference frame.
I hope its help you plzz mark me brainliest ans and follow me
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