The alkali metals are the elements located in group ia of the periodic table. The alkali earth metals are also called s- block elements because these elements have one electron each in the valence s- subshell of their atoms. The alkali metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium. They are called alkali metals since they readily dissolves in water to form soluble hydroxides, which are strongly alkaline in nature. Because they have only one electron in valence subshell, therefore, they lose easily, owing to their low ionization energies.
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