The axon of a neuron is covered with myelin sheath. How does a myelin sheath improve communication within the nervous system?
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However, unlike the plastic covering on an electrical wire, myelin does not form a single long sheath over the entire length of the axon. More precisely, myelin speeds the transmission of electrical impulses called action potentials along myelinated axons by insulating the axon and reducing axonal membrane capacitance.
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