Question

The basic doctrine of consumers
surplus is based on
ग्राहक
संतोषांधीक्याची मूलभूत शिकवण
वर आधारित आहे​

Answer 1

The basic doctrine of consumers surplus is based on Law of diminishing marginal utility.

1. When a person consumes certain number of units of a good then he/she gets extra utility from consumption of each additional unit. However, the total utility derieved from all the units is more than the price paid for those units.
2. A person would be willing to spend more on the extra units of that good but gets them at market price.
3. This extra utility that he/she gets OR the money that he/she saves on extra units is consumer surplus.
4. e.g. if a person buys one unit for Rs.2 and gets satisfaction worth Rs.4. If he wants to buy two more units such that he get Rs.3 satisfaction on one unit and Rs.2 satisfaction on second unit. Then,

Total utility = rs.4+rs.3+ rs.2 = Rs.9

No. of unit =3

Total price =Rs. 2* 3 = Rs.6

Therefore, total utility >total price.