Question

the bottom of the glass of water appears to be raised when seen from above give reasons

Answer 1

Due to Refraction . When light travel through rare to denser medium it get bent towards the normal of the surface of the medium.  Light have to come from the bottom of the glass which is the denser medium to air and then to your eyes, which is the rarer medium. So when this happens, light bends away from the normal, so it appears that even if the bottom of the pond is low, it looks as if its not so shallow at all.

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