"The detesiastion of Water Juality fos
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Answer:
As part of the Duke University India Initiative, researchers tested 243 groundwater wells, across the northwest Indian state of Rajasthan, the country’s largest state by area, to probe the presence of multiple contaminants in groundwater.
They discovered that over three-quarters of the wells (tubewells or handpumps), that provide drinking water without any treatment, contains contaminants such as fluoride, nitrate, and uranium at levels that exceed both Indian and World Health Organisation (WHO) drinking water norms.
A combination of geogenic (natural or geologic) and anthropogenic (or man-made) processes affect groundwater chemistry and quality in Rajasthan, said lead author Avner Vengosh of the Duke University.
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“Man-made contaminants such as those that leach out from agriculture and domestic sewage (for example pathogens, nitrates) keep authorities on their toes. The geogenic contaminants such as those coming from aquifer rocks (fluoride and uranium) can go unnoticed because they are considered natural and their health effects are not immediately detected,” Vengosh told Mongabay-India.
Also read: On Drinking Water, Modi Government Isn’t Putting Its Money Where Its Mouth Is
Avner Vengosh, professor of geochemistry and water quality at Duke’s Nicholas School of the Environment, and Rachel Coyte, a doctoral student in Vengosh’s lab, earlier led a study that found widespread uranium contamination in India’s groundwater, including in Rajasthan.