The following questions,
1. What are the different types of soil ? Give two features of each.
2. What are different layers of soil ? Describe,
3. Give three causes of soil erosion
4. What can you do to prevent soil from being eroded? This is my number call me
Answers
Answer:
1..... soil are three types......
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ans1.The 3 types of soil are -
Loamy soil - it is a mixture of sand , silt , clay and humus . It has higher humus content & rich in minerals , it is the most fertile layer of soil.
Sandy soil - it is a mixture of lots of sand & small amount of silt & clay .it consist of large particles having big air spaces between them hence can't hold water .
Clayey soil - the clay particles are very small and tightly packed . It hold less amount of air and poor in humus . It is very sticky and slippery to touch .
Ans2. A- Horizon (The Topsoil)- The uppermost layer of soil exposed to air is the topsoil. The topsoil is the most useful part of soil. It is Soft, porous and capable of holding good amount of water.
B-Horizon (The Subsoil) - the sub soil is poor in humus, but rich in minerals.it is rich in soil water and home to many burrowing animals.
C-Horizon (The Substratum) - The substratum includes big pieces of broken-rocks formed as a result of partial weathering of rocks. The substratum may hold water and some minerals.
The Bedrock - the bedrock is hard solid rock layer impervious to water. It may hold water (groundwater) with dissolved minerals. Wells or tube wells are dug to reach the bedrock to draw groundwater collected on it.
Ans3 . Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil, by the action of wind and water or due to human activities. Topsoil may be carried away by wind or washed away by flowing water due to heavy rains and floods.
Causes of Soil Erosion –
Deforestation- is the cutting down of trees on a large scale may be from forest. This leaves behind loose soil exposed to strong winds, floods, heavy rain and overflowing river or surface water.
Overgrazing- by cattle without allowing time for the recovery of the grass or shoots on shrubs. This leaves behind loose soil
Poor farming methods- like excessive use of chemical fertilizers results in reduced humus in the soil.
Soil conservation - it is the practice to save soil against erosion or deterioration . We can conserve soil by following methods -
Afforestation - is the planting of trees on large scale to develop forests .
Overgrazing- it should be reduced to save soil from erosion.
Reducing construction activity - it prevents the soil erosion .