Question

‘The negative competition to finish off the common pool resource is the real contemporary

challenge’.Give Example.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Common pool resources such as forests, grasslands, and oceans are often managed as common property by a wide variety of institutional arrangements that are governmental, private, or community owned. Sub-Saharan Africa has adopted CBC institutions in the last 30 years as a means to combine rural development and conservation efforts within the context of decentralized authority over land and natural resources.

Community-based conservation is promoted as a means to re-aggregate the common resource, provide biodiversity conservation, and enhance human livelihoods under increasing pressures from population growth, land use changes, and other forces . e.g., Galvin 2009, Reid et al. 2014. While there is no fixed set of governance institutions that are appropriate to effectively govern resources, CBC institutions are often exemplified by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), private individuals, and layers of government that represent, facilitate, or at least support local communities in conservation governance and resource management. These institutions are diverse in practice, encompassing an array of activities and descriptive labels such as community-based conservancies, wildlife partnerships, community-based natural resource management, indigenous resource management programs, and integrated conservation and development initiatives, but with the central idea of "the coexistence of people and nature, as distinct from protectionism and the segregation of people and nature".