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CHAPTER 7
ALGORITHMS AND FLOWCHARTS
. Define Algorithm.
An algorithm is a sequence of steps to solve a particular problem.
. Write the characteristics of an algorithm.
Algorithm has the following characteristics:
• Input: An algorithm may or may not require input
• Output: Each algorithm is expected to produce at least one result
• Definiteness: Each instruction must be clear and unambiguous.
• Finiteness: If the instructions of an algorithm are executed, the algorithm should terminate after finite number of steps.
Q3. What are the points, you must take care while writing an algorithm?
While writing an algorithm for a given task, we must take care of the following points, such as:
• We begin an algorithm with the keyword ‘Start’.
• Give a number of step to each instruction.
• Write each instruction in a separate line.
• Each instruction should be clear and precise.
• It should terminate with the keyword ‘Stop’.
. Write the 5 features or advantages of an Algorithm.
Five features of algorithm are as follows:
• It is sequential representation of line by line steps written for a program.
• It is a logical map of a program.
• It allows making ideal decisions for each task.
• It helps to make discussions about each conditions.
• It shows as how the program works and the logic behind it.
Q5. What is a Flowchart?
Flowchart is a pictorial representation of an algorithm. It uses different shapes to denote different types of instructions.
. Write the advantages of flowchart.
Advantages of flowchart are as follows:
• Flowchart is an excellent way of communicating the logic of a program.
• Easy and efficient to problem using flowchart.
• During program development cycle, the flowchart plays the role of a blueprint, which makes program development process easier.
• After successful development of a program, it needs continuous timely maintenance during the course of its operation. The flowchart makes program or system maintenance easier.