The role of science and technology in social development
Answers
Science and technology are key drivers to development, because technological and scientific revolutions underpin economic advances, improvements in health systems, education and infrastructure.
The technological revolutions of the 21st century are emerging from entirely new sectors, based on micro-processors, tele-communications, bio-technology and nano-technology. Products are transforming business practices across the economy, as well as the lives of all who have access to their effects. The most remarkable breakthroughs will come from the interaction of insights and applications arising when these technologies converge.
Through breakthroughs in health services and education, these technologies have the power to better the lives of poor people in developing countries. Eradicating malaria, a scourge of the African continent for centuries, is now possible. Cures for other diseases which are endemic in developing countries are also now possible, allowing people with debilitating conditions to live healthy and productive lives.
Access and application are critical. Service and technology are the differentiators between countries that are able to tackle poverty effectively by growing and developing their economies, and those that are not. The extent to which developing economies emerge as economic powerhouses depends on their ability to grasp and apply insights from science and technology and use them creatively. Innovation is the primary driver of technological growth and drives higher living standards.
As an engine of growth, the potential of technology is endless, and still largely untapped in Africa and other developing world regions across the globe. Less developed countries not only lack skilled labour and capital, but also use these less efficiently. Inputs account for less than half of the differences in per capita income across nations. The rest is due to the inability to adopt and adapt technologies to raise productivity.
Computing for example, through unlocking infrastructure backlogs and managing integrated supply chains, can transform economic performance by enabling affordable and accessible services in education and healthcare. The combination of computers and the Internet, and mobile devices and the “cloud”, has transformed human experience, empowering individuals through access to knowledge and markets, changing the relationship between citizens and those in authority, as well as allowing new communities to emerge in virtual worlds that span the globe.
According to the United Nations International Telecommunications Union (UN-ITU), by the end of 2010 there were an estimated 5.3 billion mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide, including 940 million subscriptions to 3g services. About 90 percent of the world’s population can access mobile networks, with three-quarters of mobile subscribers living in developing economies. Cellular technology has allowed Africa to leapfrog the age of fixed line telephony, bringing affordable access to millions of people.
However, the continued and equitable expansion of Information Communication Technology (ICT) depends on electricity. The real divide over the next 20 years will be between those who have access to reliable electricity to power these devices and those who do not.
Other technologies under development are interventions for cognitive enhancement, proton cancer therapy and genetic engineering. Revolutionary inventions include small underground nuclear power units called nuclear batteries that will be ultra-safe and maintenance-free; new types of photo-voltaics that will make electricity from sunlight cheaper than that from coal; and myriad nano-technologies, some of which lower the cost and increase the reliability of many products – even in the poorest areas of the developing world.
Towards Technological Self-Reliance and Leadership
India as a nation from last 25 years getting its so many products from other countries. And India is now able to launch it's own sattelite on mars and moon.
But, Today also all products of our country are purchased from China. From computers to tablets and tablets to smartphones. All of our current Nuclear Plants and weapons are Russians.
And today, India is a largest weapons importer in the world. self reliance in technology is not easy without scientist attitude.
Countries like UK, China, South Korea, Japan, Russia , USA are advanced in their technology and scientific discoveries.
Countries like france has developed a new and highly artificial intelligence machines to do work easily and efficiently. And because of their discoveries in computer science as well as new technologies field. There education has also became advanced.
Today, Countries like Japan and UK are advanced in Energy production fields, Nuclear science, Medical, Vechile manufacturin, smartphone manufacturing, IT because of advances in technology and science.
In last 20 years, All countries are working on new technologies and new inventions which can help to our digital world.
UK, China, South Korea, Japan, Russia , USA are selling advanced machines and making profit and making there country good in economy as well as Technology fields.
Most of the space industries are also from only UK, China, South Korea, Japan, Russia , USA.
NASA, ISRO, DRDO, BDL has given there very large contribution in the technological fields.
Today, India is great country in space launching as well as making sattelites because of ISRO. ISRO launches it's new sattelites as well as new products in other counties and India too. Because of Launching sattelites by ISRO, Today ISRO has earned a lot of for our nation.
At last, we can say that, India has achieved a great success in last 20 years because of Technology and science research.
Today, India is a great country because of only science and technology. People of India should be use more technology materials and items for there use. Also, Today's Indian people should try to give more things in technological fields.