The second ionization enthalpy of alkaline earth metal is less than that of alkali metal .why?
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The removal of second electron from alkaline earth metals leads to the stable octet state in M2+ ions. In case of alkali metals it is not so. Since the removal of electron leads to stability, hence it can easily removed leading to lowering of second ionization enthalpy in alkaline earth metals.
The removal of second electron from alkaline earth metals leads to the stable octet state in M2+ ions. In case of alkali metals it is not so. Since the removal of electron leads to stability, hence it can easily removed leading to lowering of second ionization enthalpy in alkaline earth metals.
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There are three factors affecting ionisation energy:
Distance from the nucleusCharge of the nucleusRepulsion between electrons
If the electron is in the same orbital, there is no electron in a similar region of space repelling the electron, although now there is no spin either. However, the electrostatic force is stronger than spin, so it still makes a difference.
If the second electron is in a different orbital, the distance from the nucleus decreases and there are less shielding electrons, making it require more energy to ionise it. If the element is in Group I, even more energy is required (as in the next order of magnitude) as a new shell has been entered, which is far closer to the nucleus.
There are three factors affecting ionisation energy:
Distance from the nucleusCharge of the nucleusRepulsion between electrons
If the electron is in the same orbital, there is no electron in a similar region of space repelling the electron, although now there is no spin either. However, the electrostatic force is stronger than spin, so it still makes a difference.
If the second electron is in a different orbital, the distance from the nucleus decreases and there are less shielding electrons, making it require more energy to ionise it. If the element is in Group I, even more energy is required (as in the next order of magnitude) as a new shell has been entered, which is far closer to the nucleus.
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