Question

the state list has agriculture in it which implies that the state government takes care of it but in the central government there is a ministry for agriculture.... why???

Answer 1

There are five extraordinary conditions where the centre can make laws in state subjects-

When Rajya Sabha passes a resolution supported by not less than two third of the members present and voting that it is in national interest if parliament makes a law in state subject. (Article 249, this is also a special power of Rajya Sabha). Resolution remains in force for one year, during which parliament can make a law. But such law ceases to exist six month after the expiry of resolution. Also, resolution can be renewed any no. of times, not exceeding one year at a time.When two or more states make a request to the parliament to frame a law on a state subject. They surrender their power to make laws on that subject.To implement international treaty or agreement, parliament can make laws in state list subjects.During national emergency, parliament can legislate on state subject. Such law ceases to operate six months after expiry of emergency. State can also make laws on same item but subject to parliamentary laws.During president rule, parliament can enact a law on any matter of the state list. Such law continue to operate even after end of president rule, unless state legislature repeals or amends it.