The steps that should be taken so as to maintain the ecological balance
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Answer:
Manage Natural Resources Carefully
A concerted effort to use natural resources in a sustainable manner will help to protect and maintain ecological balance
Examples of natural resources that are harmful towards the environment: Petroleum,natural gases and coal
There are also cases reported that oil spills occur at the shorelines. This damages the reefs and the aquatic creatures and upsets the ecosystem.
Petroleum-fueled transportation and coal-burning power plants are considered the chief causes of global warming. Excess amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, and NO x , among other gases, trap heat in the atmosphere and create the greenhouse effect.
PROTECT THE WATER
Contamination from sewage, and pollution from manufacturing and agricultural runoff threatens the balance of marine ecosystems. Reduce the use of agriculture fertilizer as this causes the rapid growth of algae. Rapid growth of algae will cover the surface of the water which causes the sunlight cannot enter the water. Photosynthesis cannot occur. Plants will die and animals which survive on plants will too die as it lacks of foods.
And that is not it. The decaying algae promote the growth of anaerobic organisms, which release compounds into the water that are toxic to marine animals.
Compound released by anaerobic organisms : Methane,Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulfide
Reduce logging
The demand in logs are increasing day by day as more and more paper are used. This causes more trees to be cut down and it means lesser trees to produce oxygen through photosynthesis. The carbon dioxide increases and traps heat in the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide may not be accounted as a pollutant, but it is one of the factors of the greenhouse effect.
The logging site will usually go barren and can hardly grow anything anymore.
And another good reason we need to reduce the amount of logging of trees is that animals are losing their habitat at a fast rate. And when they lose their habitat, they usually will die off and will cause extinction of some species. This will upset the food chain and greatly impact the ecosystem.
Reduce Chlorofluorocarbon
Products such as air conditioners, perfumes and deodorant emits CFC into the surrounding.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) are a group of synthetic organic chemicals composed of carbon, oxygen, chlorine and fluorine
CFC released from various source rise up in the atmosphere and there break down ozone molecules in the earth's upper atmosphere. This reduces the ability of the atmosphere to prevent too much of ultraviolet rays reaching the earth's surface. This in turn harms the animal and plant life on the earth.
First, the impact of thinning of ozone layer on the ocean. Increasing amounts of UV radiation will have an impact on plankton and other tiny organisms at the base of the marine food web. These organisms provide the original food source for all other living organisms in the oceans. Plankton such as phytoplankton and zooplankton are extremely sensitive to UV rays as they lack UV protective layer like higher forms of organisms have.
An this will cause an upset to the food chain in the ocean as phytoplankton and zooplankton are foods to the small fishes which are foods to the big fishes.
Stop open burning
The two main type of open burning: forests and garbage.
Open burning of forests usually are meant for agriculture purposes like those in our neighbouring country Indonesia did.
Open burning of forests releases carbon dioxide into the air and greatly effects the temperature. Increase in the temperature results in the abnormal migration of animals to colder places such as the Antarctic. Recent cases has reported that birds and mosquito are seen at the Antarctic. This will cause a huge disrupt on the ecosystem as the food chain is distorted.
And not only that, an increase in the temperature will result in the rise of the sea level as the effect of meltdown at the poles. This will obliquely cause tsunamis and floods will occur around the world. Destruction of property will happen as liken of the tragedy in Aceh, Indonesia
Open burning of garbage releases hazardous smoke such as Dioxins, Furans, Arsenic, Mercury, PCBs, Lead, Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen oxides Sulphur oxides, Hydrochloric acid.
This substances in short term can cause nausea, vomiting, headaches and rashes. In long term it will build up into diseases such as cardiac arrest and lung cancer.
Babies, toddlers and children who inhaled this smoke excessively can contract asthma at early age and even suffer from stunted growth.
The ash that comes from open burning of garbage may be dispersed by wind or even leached into waters which causes the water to contaminate and destroy aquatic life.