The Student News Service at Clear Mountain State University (CMSU) has decided to gather data about the undergraduate students that attend CMSU. CMSU creates and distributes a survey of 14 questions and receives responses from 62 undergraduates (stored in the Survey data set). 2.1. For this data, construct the following contingency tables (Keep Gender as row variable) 2.1.1. Gender and Major 2.1.2. Gender and Grad Intention 2.1.3. Gender and Employment 2.1.4. Gender and Computer 2.2. Assume that the sample is representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question: 2.2.1. What is the probability that a randomly selected CMSU student will be male? 2.2.2. What is the probability that a randomly selected CMSU student will be female? 2.3. Assume that the sample is representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question: 2.3.1. Find the conditional probability of different majors among the male students in CMSU. 2.3.2 Find the conditional probability of different majors among the female students of CMSU. 2.4. Assume that the sample is a representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question: 2.4.1. Find the probability That a randomly chosen student is a male and intends to graduate. 2.4.2 Find the probability that a randomly selected student is a female and does NOT have a laptop. 2.5. Assume that the sample is representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question: 2.5.1. Find the probability that a randomly chosen student is a male or has full-time employment? 2.5.2. Find the conditional probability that given a female student is randomly chosen, she is majoring in international business or management. 2.6. Construct a contingency table of Gender and Intent to Graduate at 2 levels (Yes/No). The Undecided students are not considered now and the table is a 2x2 table. Do you think the graduate intention and being female are independent events? 2.7. Note that
Answers
2.1Problem: For this data, construct the following contingency tables (Keep Gender as row variable):
2.1Problem 2.1.1 Gender and Major:
Solution:
Below is the output from Python.
Major Accounting CIS Economics/Finance International Business \
Gender.
Female. 3 3 7 4
Male. 4 1 4 2
Major Management Other Retailing/Marketing Undecided.
Gender.
Female. 4 3 9 0
Male. 6 4 5 3
2.1Problem 2.1.2: Gender and Grad Intention:
Solution:
Below is the output from Python.
Grad Intention No Undecided Yes.
Gender.
Female. 9 13 11
Male. 3 9 17
2.1Problem 2.1.3: Gender and Employment.
Solution:
Employment Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed.
Gender.
Female. 3 24 6
Male. 7 19 3
2.1Problem 2.1.4: Gender and Computer.
Solution:
Below is the output from Python.
Computer Desktop Laptop Tablet.
Gender.
Female. 2 29 2
Male. 3 26 0
2.2Problem. Assume that the sample is representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question:
2.2Problem 2.2.1: What is the probability that a randomly selected CMSU student will be male?
Solution:
- For this we need to find out total male students out of whole student from the given data.
- After calculation we got the result that probability of 46.77% student will be male in CMSU if randomly selected.
2.2Problem 2.2.2: What is the probability that a randomly selected CMSU student will be female?
Solution:
- For this we need to find out total female students out of whole student from the given data. After calculation we got the result that probability of 53.23% student will be female in CMSU if randomly selected.
2.3 Problem. Assume that the sample is representative of the population of CMSU. Based on the data, answer the following question:
2.3 Problem 2.3.1: Find the conditional probability of different majors among the male students in CMSU.
Solution:
Using contingency tables of Gender and Majors we got the total numbers of males and number of males opting for different majors.
Below is the output from Python:
- Probability of Males opting for Accounting is 13.79%.
- Probability of Males opting for CIS is 3.45%.
- Probability of Males opting for Economics/Finance is 13.79%.
- Probability of Males opting for InternationalBusiness is 6.90%.
- Probability of Males opting for Management is 20.69%.
- Probability of Males opting for Other is 13.79%.
- Probability of Males opting for Retailing/Marketing is 17.24%.
- Probability of Males opting for Undecided is 10.34%.
And from this output we can easily say that most of the males students prefer Management as Majors and CIS is the least preferred one.
2.3 Problem 2.3.2: Find the conditional probability of different majors among the female students in CMSU.
Solution:
Using contingency tables of Gender and Majors we got the total numbers of females and number of females opting for different majors.
Below is the output from Python:
- Probability of Females opting for Accounting is 9.09%.
- Probability of Females opting for CIS is 9.09%.
- Probability of Females opting for Economics/Finance is 21.21%.
- Probability of Females opting for InternationalBusiness is 12.12%.
- Probability of Females opting for Management. is 12.12%.
- Probability of Females opting for Other is 9.09%.
- Probability of Females opting for Retailing/Marketing is 27.27%.
- Probability of Females opting for Undecided is 0.00%.
And from this output we can easily say that most of the females students prefer Retailing/Marketing as Majors.
What is a probability simple definition?
- The chance that a given event will occur.
- The ratio of the number of outcomes in an exhaustive set of equally likely outcomes that produce a given event to the total number of possible outcomes.
Learn more about probability here,
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