Question

the sun is seen a few minutes before it rises above the hirizon in the morning while in the evening few minutes longer it sets

Answer 1

It's all about refraction.Not only we observe advanced sunrise but also delayed sunset.This is because when light enters from vacuum to earth's atmosphere,it basically enters from rarer to denser medium and bends towards horizon.During sunrise, when the sun is just below the horizon, our atmosphere causes the light rays to bend and we see the sun early. Similarly, at sunset, the apparent position of the sun is visible to us and not the actual position due to the same bending of light rays effect.

Answer 2

The reason for this is that before the sun reaches the horizon for us to see it, the light rays from it bend due to atmospheric refraction and reach our eyes. when our brain interprets the situation by tracing back the direction of the light ray (in a straight line), an apparent sun is seen. After sunset, a similar situation occurs where the light rays bend and the sun appears to be behind its time, setting later than its expected time...!

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