The third period contains only eight elements even through the electron capacity of the third shell is 18
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because transition metals start from period 4 and transition metals are the metals with two shells incomplete
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Period 3 of the periodic table consist of elements whose atoms has three shells occupied by electron.
As per the electron holding capacity of shells two elements are present in the first period and 8 elements in the second period.
The third period also contain only 8 elements due to the law of electron octet and also electrons will filled orbitals in increasing order of energy that is the lowest energy orbital first
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