the uses of diamond graphite and fullerenea and is
Answers
Answer:
Uses of Diamond:
*Diamond is used as a gemstone in jewellery, ornaments and crowns.
*Diamonds also have several industrial applications. *Diamonds being very hard is used in tools that cut glass and drill hard rocks.
*Diamonds are also used as abrasives to cut and polish other materials and gemstones.
*Diamonds are also used in knives which are used to perform sensitive operations like the cataract operation.
*Because of its heat sensitive properties, diamonds are used in highly sensitive thermometers and windows of space shuttle.
*Thin diamond membranes are used to cover the openings in x-ray machines and lasers.
*Diamonds are also used in the manufacture of fine wires, like those used in electric toasters.
*Diamond is used in heat sinks, which help conduct the heat away from sensitive parts of high performance microelectronics.
Uses of graphite:
*Graphite in its powdered form is used as a lubricant in heavy machines.
*It is also used to make black paint and inks due to its dark, grey colour.
*It is used for making lead in pencils.
*Graphite being a very good conductor of electricity is used in the manufacture of electrodes, which found use in dry cells and electric furnaces.
*Graphite when combined with plastic produces a light-weight and strong composite material, which is strong Composite Material in space craft parts and Dish Antenna, Tennis Racquet.
*Graphite crucibles or melting pots are used to melt brass, aluminium and many other nonferrous metals.
*Graphite bricks are used as moderators in atomic reactors.
a. Fullerene is an allotrope of carbon. It is also called Buckball or Buckminster fullerene.
b. When a high power laser was focused on carbon, fullerene was formed. It has formula C60 and shape of a soccer ball (hollow sphere).
c. sp2 hybridized carbon atoms occupy sixty equidistant places on this sphere. They form hexagons and pentagons.
d. Fullerenes are present in carbon soot. Structure of C60, buckminster- fullerend
e. Fullerene reacts with potassium to form K35C60. This compound is a superconductor of electricity at 18 K. It reacts with transition metal to form a catalyst.
f. Tubes made from fullerene and graphite are called nanotubes. These are used as high strength materials, electric conductors, molecular sensors and semiconductors.
Explanation:
Graphite:
i) Inside the each layer of Graphite, The free electrons movies continuously. Due to which, Graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
ii) Graphite is found in nature as free state is black, Slippery and Brittle.
iii) Density of Graphite is .9 to 2.3g/cm^3
iv) Graphite is mostly used in making all leads and extract of writing pencils.
v) Like diamond, Graphite also doesn't dissolve in any solvent.
vi) Bad conductor of electricity.
vii) Diamond is transparent and hard.
viii) Diamond is tetragonal.
Diamond:
i) Density of Diamond is 3.5g/cm^3
ii) Melting point of diamond is 3500 degree Celsius.
iii) There is no effect of Acids and bases on diamond.
iv) Diamond doesn't dissolve in any solvent.
v) Diamond is bad conductor of electricity; As it does not have free electrons.
vi) When diamond is heated at 800 degree Celsius in presence of oxygen, then only it released the CO2.
vii) Good conductor of Electricity.
viii) Have Hexagonal shape.
Uses of Diamond:
i) Diamond is used in ornaments and decoration.
ii) Diamond is used for Glass cutting and rock drilling machines.
iii) Diamond is used in making eye surgery knives.
iv) Diamond dust is used for polishing of other diamonds.
v) Diamonds is used in Space-crafts and Satellites to prevent radiations.
Uses of Graphite:
i) Graphite is used in writing pencils and Lead of Lead pencils.
ii) Graphite is used in making of Lubricants and Light bulbs.
iii) Graphite is used for making Carbon electrodes.
iv) Graphite is uses in Arc lamps to make the light more brighter and effective.
v) Graphite is used in paints and polish to give a better look.
"By considering points of Diamond and Graphite, You can compare/differ between Diamond and Graphite. "
Q. Graphite is utilized in making electrodes due to following properties:
i) Good conductor of Electricity
ii) Keeps the surface look always clean and rough
iii) It is inexpensive; It saves expenses
iv) Insoluble in water, Acids and Bases
v) Have High density
Q. Why Diamond, Silver, Platinum are used in making jwelleries ? :
Gold, Silver, Platinum are used for making Jwelleries. Because they are very precious. And, Only Rich people can afford it. So, Gold, silver, platinum , diamond is used in Jwelleries. As well as, they don't have effect of surrounding and environment. And, it also prevents Ornaments from rusting.
Diamonds are used for making jwelleries because, Diamond is one of the rarest substance found in nature. As it is so Hard and expensive, so only rich people can afford it. Therefore, Diamond is used for making Jwelleries.