the water at the greater depth does not freeze give reason
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water acts as a connective tissue, so when therr is application of heat or cold the surface water is affected by the difference in temperature
As a result,the layers of water get affected by the temperature but as the temperature goes into the water it's intensity decreases
Therefore,the freezing temperatures do not reach the water at greater depth
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Reason:
- As a liquid or solid's temperature rises its volume increases. This is how most substances treat themselves. But water has a unique quality, it normally behaves above (almost) 4 °C, i.e. its volume increases with increasing temperature.
- However, its volume decreases with temperature rise (or increases with the temperature drop, making it less dense), between 0 °C and nearly 4 °C. Say the surface water is at 12 °C, and cool down. Now, as the temperature drops, its volume falls and density increases.
- As the surface water reaches about 4 °C, it becomes denser and "sinks" towards the bottom, allowing the less dense water to surface. As the temperature drops below 4 °C, the surface water becomes lighter (less dense) than the water below and floats until it freezes.
- Once frozen, the ice isolates the water at the bottom from cooling so that it keeps its temperature between 0 and nearly 4 °C, keeping it freezing.
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